Tonsils & Adenoids
Tonsils and adenoids are small tissues located at the top of the throat, just behind the nose. They play a key role in the immune system by helping fight germs and bacteria. While swelling is common in young children, the tissues often shrink as children grow older. Understanding when problems occur can help protect your child’s health and sleep.
Tonsil and Adenoid Enlargement
Enlarged tonsils and adenoids can lead to sleep-disordered breathing, especially in young children. Symptoms include:
– Snoring and mouth breathing
– Restless sleep
– Choking sounds or pauses while breathing
Sleep disorder breathing may contribute to attention issues, poor school performance, bedwetting, and behavioral problems. Children with persistent symptoms may benefit from a tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy.
Tonsillitis
Tonsillitis is inflammation of the tonsils, usually caused by a viral infection. It’s common in children and often occurs at least once in childhood.
Symptoms of tonsillitis:
– Severe sore throat
– Swollen, red tonsils with white or yellow patches
– Fever, swollen glands
– Difficulty swallowing
– Irritability and reduced appetite
Treatment:
– Viral tonsillitis: Rest, fluids, and saltwater gargles. Antibiotics are not needed.
– Bacterial tonsillitis: Antibiotics prescribed by a doctor, alongside supportive care.
– Recurrent infections: Surgical removal of the tonsils may be recommended.
Adenoiditis
Adenoiditis occurs when adenoid tissue becomes inflamed due to infection, allergies, or irritation from stomach acid.
Causes:
– Viral or bacterial infections
– Allergens
Symptoms of adenoiditis:
– Snoring and mouth breathing
– Sore throat
– Nasal discharge
– Ear and chest infections in severe cases
Treatment:
– Viral adenoiditis: Rest, fluids, and over-the-counter remedies.
– Bacterial adenoiditis: Antibiotics as prescribed.
Severe or recurring cases:
– Adenoidectomy: Often performed alongside a tonsillectomy.
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